Penetrating Liquids Level I and II

In this course you will learn about the penetrating liquid method, acquiring technical and practical knowledge for a correct application of the method. The course meets the hours established in accordance with recommended practice SNT-TC-1A and ANSI/ASNT CP-189, issued by The American Society For Nondestructive Testing (ASNT).

  • Transmit all the theoretical and practical bases of the method, turning these into your basic foundations in your preparation for level II certification. Likewise, the participant is expected to understand the principles of the method, its advantages and limitations, thus helping them to identify and evaluate any possible discontinuities found at the time of execution.
  • People who need to know the applications and practical knowledge of the penetrating liquid inspection method.
  • The course for the liquid penetrant method is a 2-day basic course, completing 12 hours of training and organized training, which is broken down with 4 hours taught for the Level I part and 8 hours for the Level II part.

LEVEL I

1.-Introduction.

  • Brief history of non-destructive testing and penetrant testing (PT).
  • Purpose of PT.
  • Basic principles of PT.
  • Types of commercially available penetrating liquids.
  • Personnel qualification method.

2.- Processing of penetrating liquids.

  • Preparation of the pieces.
  • Adequate lighting.
  • Application of the penetrant to the piece.
  • Removal of surface penetrant.
  • Application and drying of the developer.
  • Inspection and evaluation.
  • Post cleaning.

3.- Various PT methods.

  • Current standard methods ASTM, ASME, ASTM E165, E1208, E1209, E1210 and E1417.
  • Characteristics of each method.
  • General applications of each method.

4.- PT Team.

  • PT units.
  • Lighting for PT equipment and light meters.
  • Materials for PT.
  • Precautions in PT.

LEVEL II

1.-Review.

  • Basic principles.
  • Process of various methods.

  • Equipment. 

2.- Selection of the appropriate penetrant.

  • Advantages of various methods.
  • Disadvantages of various methods.

3.- Inspection and evaluation of Indications (Generalities).

  • Inherent discontinuities in various materials.
  • Reason for the indications.
  • Aspect of the indications.
  • Appearance time of the indications.
  • Persistence of indications.
  • Effects of temperature and lighting (UV visible).
  • Effects of operations on metals (shot blasting, machining, etc.).
  • Preferred sequence for liquid penetrant inspection.
  • Preparation of parts (previous cleaning, stripping, etc.).

4.- Factors that affect the indications.

  • Previous cleaning.
  • Penetrant used.
  • Preprocessing.
  • Technique used.

5.- Indications of cracks.

  • Cracks that occur during solidification.
  • Cracks that occur during processing.
  • Cracks that occur during service.

6.- Indications of porosity.

7.- Indications on materials with specific shapes.

  •  Forges.
  •  Foundry.
  •  Plate.
  •  Welds.
  •  Extrusions.

8.- Evaluation of indications.

  • True indications.
  • False indications.
  • Relevant indications.
  • Indications not relevant.

Process control.

  • Control of process variables.
  • Test and maintenance materials.

9.- Inspection procedures and standards.

  • Inspection procedures (minimum requirements).

Standards/codes.

  • Applicable methods/processes.
  • Criteria of acceptance.

Basic instruction methods.